CSCI 3190 (Directed Study (Unix Power Tools)), Spring 2004:
Homework 7

Assigned:

April 12, 2004.

Due:

April 19, 2004, at 5pm.

Credit:

10 points.

Reading

Read about the following topics, either by skimming the mentioned online references or in another book or reference.

1. Basics of the make utility. Covered in the GNU Make Manual. This is a huge manual, so just read the following:
   • Chapter 1: Introduction and section 1.1.
   • Chapter 2.
   • Chapter 3: Introduction and sections 3.1 and 3.2.
   • Chapter 4: Introduction and sections 4.1 and 4.2. (If you want later to use makefiles with large programs consisting of many files, bookmark section 4.14 for later reading.)
   • Chapter 5: Introduction and sections 5.1, 5.2, and 5.4.
   • Chapter 6: Introduction and sections 6.1, 6.4, and 6.5.
   • Chapter 9: Introduction and sections 9.1, 9.2, and 9.3.
   • Chapter 10: Introduction and sections 10.1, 10.2 (skim), 10.3 (skim), 10.5 (introduction only), and 10.7.

Problems

Answer the following questions. You may write out your answers by hand or using a word processor or other program, but please submit hard copy, either in class or in my mailbox in the department office. Answers to most questions will involve experimentation on a Unix or Linux system. You are free to use any appropriate system; if you use something other than Red Hat Linux please tell me what.

1. (10 points) Suppose you have a C program consisting of the following files:
   • defs.h containing macro and constant definitions.
   • foo.h containing constants and prototype definitions for function foo.
   • foo.c containing code for function foo. This file contains #include directives to include defs.h and foo.h.
   • bar.h containing constants and prototype definitions for function bar.
   • bar.c containing code for function bar. This file contains #include directives to include defs.h and bar.h.
   • main.c containing code for the main program, which calls functions foo and bar. This file also contains #include directives to include defs.h, foo.h, and bar.h.

   Write a makefile that:

   • When you type make main, creates executable main from the source files, compiling just the parts of this program that need to be recompiled (because either source code has changed or an #include'd file has changed). Compile using any C compiler (cc or gcc) but using the flags -Wall, -pedantic, and -O.

   • When you type make clean, deletes all the object files for the program.

   • When you type make xclean, deletes all the object files for the program and the executable.

   You can make use of the implicit rules defined by make if they will help. (They probably will.)

   If you want to do some testing of your makefile, create minimal files as described above. Notice that the command touch can be used to change a file's timestamp without opening it in an editor, etc.