5.3 Action Models (Norman)

• Form the goal
• Forming the intention
• Specifying the action
• Executing the action
• Perceiving the system state
• Interpreting the system state
• Evaluating the outcome

1.

Gulf of execution (mismatch of user's intentions and allowable actions)

2.

Gulf of evaluation (mismatch of system's representation and user's expectations)

3.

Visible state and action alternatives

4.

Good conceptual model with consistent system image

5.

Good mappings which reveal relationships between stages

6.

Continuous feedback